Click here to see a pdf version of the paper.

Theoretical analysis of the effect of miscalibrated pulses and delays, performed using the VSNMR software, is presented in detail in the Supplementary Material to our paper

To start, select the spin system using Spin System Setup window. The example shown here selects the a and b components of a 15N-coupled spectrum for a pair of 1H and 15N nuclei, with a scalar coupling of -94 Hz. You can use the default values of spin-relaxation parameters and run the program to calculate the expectation values of several spin operators during the experiment:

Relaxation Calculator:
If you also want to take into account the differential line broadening effects for different spin-doublet components, click on the Relaxation Calculator button, select the desired dynamic parameters, and Calculate relaxation rates. Then check out the R2-matrix button (as shown below) and click on the Update button. For more details of how to use Relaxation Calculator see the example of a Fully coupled experiment with spin-transition-specific linewidths .

Subsequently, in the spin setup window, the boxes for the individual R2 values contain the letter "M" (i.e. matrix) instead of numeric values

Pulse Program: Experiment A

Now let's go to the pulse program. Select the s3ec2r.pv pulse program. This pulse program includes the S3E element for spin-state selection and allows you to select which of the two 15N-doublet components you want to observe in the experiment. The latter is done by choosing a proper receiver phase cycle:

experiment A corresponds to selecting the upfield component, while

experiment B selects the downfield component.

Edit the receiver phase cycle line of the program so that phase cycle "A" is selected (i.e. you have to uncomment the the receiver phase cycle line labeled ";A". Make sure that the receiver phase-cycle line labeled "B" is commented out!). The relevant lines should read:

ph31= 0 2 2 0 ; A

;ph31= 0 2 2 0 ; B

Now click on Xlate button to translate the pulse program into Matlab code.

Check/Select the Program Parameters as follows (nd0 should be preset to 2, d1 to 2s, d4 to 1/94/4, which equals 1/(4J), and d5 to 1/94/8, which equals 1/(8J)):

Experimental Parameters:
Op1=5, Op2=118, td1=32, td2=32, ns=4, BF1=CH2, SWp1=10ppm SWp2=10ppm

Run the experiment.
After processing, the spectrum for the A experiment, selecting the upfield component, should look like the this (process using TPPI)

Pulse Program: Experiment B
Now edit the s3ec2r.pv pulse program again to select the ";B" receiver phase cycle. Once again the relevant code should be:

;ph31= 0 2 2 0 ; A

ph31= 0 0 2 2 ;B

Translate the pulse program again (you have to translate it every time you change the pulse program!), check that the program parameters are set as before, and then run the experiment. You do not have to reset the spin system parameters or the experimental parameters -- they have to (and will) remain the same as in experiment A.

Once again save the B data set by typing at the command line:

serB=vs_runCalc.ser0;
The processed spectrum from the B data set should look like the following (process using TPPI:

Notice the 90º phase difference (taken into account in the processing parameters) between the upfield and downfield 15N components.

Now, going back and changing the pulse program to the experiment A settings, modify the value of the "d5" delay in the program parameters, setting it to (1/4/94)*1.1 and run the experiment again. This simulation mimics the case of delay missetting.
The spectrum will look like this:

When the value of the d5 delay in the program parameters is set to d5=(1/4/94)*0.9 (i.e. shorter than the proper value) the spectrum will change to: